{"id":135,"date":"2020-11-27T10:39:00","date_gmt":"2020-11-27T09:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/?page_id=135"},"modified":"2020-11-27T10:40:35","modified_gmt":"2020-11-27T09:40:35","slug":"o-nas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/o-nas\/","title":{"rendered":"O n\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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O N\u00c1S<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n\n\n
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N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Civiln\u00ed obrana (zkratka CO) je soustava \u00fakol\u016f a opat\u0159en\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na ochranu \u017eivota, zdrav\u00ed a majetku obyvatelstva, jako\u017e i n\u00e1rodn\u00edho hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed. Tento term\u00edn zahrnuje i organizace a instituce prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed tyto \u00fakoly (civiln\u00ed obrana) a opat\u0159en\u00ed (civiln\u00ed ochrana obyvatelstva). Spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 zejm\u00e9na v anal\u00fdze mo\u017en\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00ed, p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebo eliminaci rizik ohro\u017een\u00ed a v odstra\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed[1], v\u010detn\u011b ohro\u017een\u00ed civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva b\u011bhem vojensk\u00fdch konflikt\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Civiln\u00ed obrana se za\u010dala rozv\u00edjet po\u010d\u00e1tkem 20. a v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 30. let 20. stolet\u00ed. V\u00fdznamn\u011b ji urychlil rozvoj vojensk\u00e9ho a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm bombardovac\u00edho letectva, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobil b\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky velk\u00e9 ohro\u017een\u00ed civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva i v hlubok\u00e9m t\u00fdlu bojuj\u00edc\u00edch arm\u00e1d[2]. Pozd\u011bji se rozv\u00edjela v d\u016fsledku mo\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00ed zbran\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho ni\u010den\u00ed, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm jadern\u00fdch zbran\u00ed, tak\u00e9 jako ochrana p\u0159i \u00fanic\u00edch nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch l\u00e1tek, pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch nehod\u00e1ch a \u017eiveln\u00edch pohrom\u00e1ch. Opat\u0159en\u00ed a postupy civiln\u00ed obrany byly organizov\u00e1ny na v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00edch spole\u010dnosti v m\u011bstech, vesnic\u00edch, z\u00e1vodech, \u0161kol\u00e1ch, \u00fa\u0159adech a podobn\u011b. Vytv\u00e1\u0159ely se i objektov\u00e9 \u00fatvary, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem byla ochrana obytn\u00fdch dom\u016f, \u0161kol \u010di z\u00e1vod\u016f.[3] Od konce studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky se ochrana civiln\u00edho obyvatelstva p\u0159estala soust\u0159edit na obranu p\u0159ed vojensk\u00fdmi \u00fatoky, ale zam\u011b\u0159ila se na ochranu p\u0159ed katastrofami a havarijn\u00edmi situacemi ve v\u0161eobecn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Civiln\u00ed ochrana je souhrn \u010dinnost\u00ed a postup\u016f v\u011bcn\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch zainteresovan\u00fdch org\u00e1n\u016f, organizac\u00ed, slo\u017eek a obyvatelstva, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch s c\u00edlem minimalizace negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f mo\u017en\u00fdch mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed a krizov\u00fdch situac\u00ed na zdrav\u00ed a \u017eivoty lid\u00ed a jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky.
Civiln\u00ed ochrana se st\u00e1v\u00e1 za v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho stavu sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed syst\u00e9mu obrany st\u00e1tu a zabezpe\u010duje v\u00fdkon humanit\u00e1rn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f uveden\u00fdch v \u010dl. 61 Dodatkov\u00e9ho protokolu k \u017denevsk\u00fdm \u00famluv\u00e1m o ochran\u011b ob\u011bt\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch ozbrojen\u00fdch konflikt\u016f ze dne 12. srpna 1949, p\u0159ijat\u00e9ho v \u017denev\u011b dne 8. \u010dervna 1977.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Sd\u011blen\u00ed feder\u00e1ln\u00edho ministerstva zahrani\u010dn\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed \u010d. 168\/1991 Sb., Z\u00e1kon \u010d. 239\/2000 Sb., o integrovan\u00e9m z\u00e1chrann\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu a o zm\u011bn\u011b n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1kon\u016f)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AJ <\/strong><\/td>civil protection<\/td><\/tr>
FJ<\/strong><\/td>protection (f) civile
ve francouz\u0161tin\u011b je tak\u00e9 rozli\u0161ov\u00e1no mezi pojmem civiln\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost (s\u00e9curit\u00e9 civile)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/template-pagebuilder-full-width.php","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=135"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":141,"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/135\/revisions\/141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mcop.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=135"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}